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تاريخ التسجيل : 07/05/2008
 |  موضوع: 00 beginning of 0000 Alinkharip 00 Mahmuda 00 and the end of 0000 imposed 00  الثلاثاء أبريل 07, 2009 5:10 pm | |
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Alinkharip hall at the beginning of
Divorced Alinkharip name to a range of infantry Ottoman military, make up a special organization, have a military barracks
The badges and the rank and privileges, and were the greatest team the Ottoman army and recruited the most powerful and most influential, is not known with precision and certainty the time of the emergence of this group, some historians have attributed to the era of "Orhan II" a year (724 e = 1324) that the Party has gained the status of permanence and continuity in the Prince Sultan Murad, the first year (761 e = 1360), and before that was disbanded upon the completion of its work.
The soldiers marked Janissaries of high courage, and patience in the fighting, and complete loyalty to the Ottoman Sultan as the Imam of Muslims, and they have been chosen at a young age of the children who are raised Muslim Sufi culture of jihad, or children who were captured in war or bought with money.
They were raised in small camps of their own, learn the language, customs and traditions of Turkey, and the principles of Islamic religion, in the course of education divided into three groups: the first is to work in the Royal palaces, and the second is to fill civilian posts in the Great State, and the third is for the formation of infantry in the army Ottoman Empire, and called on its members Alinkharip, any new soldiers, and this group is the largest of the three most numerous.
Living Alinkharip
The State is keen to prevent contact with relatives Alinkharip, and impose on them in time of peace to live in the barracks, which were not only contain sleeping accommodation for their officers and their soldiers, but there were kitchens and stores of arms and ammunition, all their civil.
Allocated to each state, "Orta" in Alinkharip badge placed on the doors of Zqntha, and flags and Khiamha held on the battlefield, and that the soldiers were usually distinctive Inakecoa badges on their arms and legs tattooed, and the promotions are in accordance with the rules of seniority, and brought forward to early retirement if their age, or maimed Tqadhm disability from work, their pension is paid by the State. The State denied them engage in trade or industry in order not to Takbwa Ascrithm strict and Intefi Almcpop enthusiasm.
The President called this category "Alinkharip Agha", which is one of the most influential figures in the Ottoman Empire, the Task Force to lead the most powerful military in the infantry, and is ex officio and two others, is the Chairman of the Istanbul police force, responsible for maintaining order and security, which At the same time, a member of the Council of State.
The head of a special Alinkharip headquarters in Istanbul, and the offices of those working in the division, and the Sultan of his choice from among the officers of the weapon, this tradition has remained the case until the legal Sultan Sulaiman, which made the selection of the President Alinkharip of the senior officers of the Royal Palace, in order to curb the tyranny of this band.
The importance of Alinkharip
Known as Janissaries Bkvaithm hostilities and Ovrthm numerical and Dharautem in the war and fighting, and they were terrible tool in the hands of the Ottoman Empire in the wars waged by the State in Europe, Asia and Africa, and the military zone of origin and education on the love of jihad and martyrdom Astrechas in the rush of life impact of the brave in war and in the battleground Astmataathm, grades and progress in the vanguard of the army, and they take their place in the heart, the elements of the Sultan and his army stood behind them. The Ottoman State was able, thanks to the courage that this is spreading, and expanding its borders rapidly, opened a country in Europe at that time outside the hands of Islam.
Western historians have paid tribute to this band as one of the most major forces that have been adopted by the State in Vetohatha, he says, "Brokhlman" orientalist German: "The strength of Alinkharip were based on the Ottoman army." He adds of England, "Grant" Alinkharip infantry that were more important than the cavalry, and the fate of the Ottoman Empire or the future depends to a large extent on the Alinkharip.
The tyranny of Alinkharip
However, the great importance of the task Alinkharip shifted to a position of strength embittered the life of the Ottoman Empire, and the presentation of many of the strife and unrest, rather than future leaders Alinkharip to a life of soldiering, which Tabawa it - started intervening in state affairs, and extended themselves in the policy of the State and is not concerned with matters of governance and power; were demanding the ouster of the Sultan of wisdom and give others, and take donations at the Sultan took all again, and this really can not be acquired any Oti Sultan important force to ignore, or else subjected to humiliation at their hands.
The phenomenon began in the fall Alinkharip State policy since the early era in the history of the State, but that this intervention had no effect in the era of the Sultans of bone; that the dignity and strength were the sails of those Alincksharien, even if started in a weak state and the influence of the recession began to emerge Alincksharien , were cut off and kill some of the sultans, as did the Sultan Osman II, where EXCLUDED HIM down, and they killed him on the year (1032 = 1622 e), without scruples of conscience or religion, and such as they did with the Sultan Ibrahim I, They Boukngah years (1058 e = 1648), protesters that Iedehm and deal with criticism and shaming, and spread evil to survive the death or removal of bone.
Sultans of the State was not in the weakness of these evils have to pay or stand in its way, so the killing of Hassan Pasha Janissaries Sadr greatest era of Sultan Murad the fourth year (1042 e = 1632), and reached the Asthtaarham and Sultan Selim II Asthenthm demanded that Islam and the killing of Sheikh Sadr and the leader of the largest Navy did not dare to breaking, allowing them to kill two of them, and excluded from the killing of Shaykh al-Islam; fear of creating public opinion on it
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Alinkharip in the tradition of the late
As the Ottoman Empire weakened and replaced by the defeats and lost a lot of land belonging to them, resorted to the introduction of modern systems in its military forces to cope with even the armies of European nations in arming and training the system, and it is to regain the prestige and power in Europe, built to restore its military strength . But Alinkharip opposed the introduction of the new regime in Fayalgahm, and failed attempts by the Ottoman sultans to convince them the need of development and modernization, the State did not succeed in attempts to lure them to join the new military teams, and the acceptance of the pension is determined by the State rejects the system.
Janissaries to oppose not only the new system, but resorted to the insurgency and the insurgency in the faces of the great sultans and chests, and managed to force a number of sultans on the repeal of this new system.
Mahmud II Corps cancels Alinkharip
After the inauguration of the Sultanate of Sultan Mahmud II in the Ottoman Empire (1223 e = 1808) saw the development of the Ottoman army and the need to update all the teams and weapons, including military corps, try a soft policy and the need to convince Alinkharip development and introduction of modern systems in their teams, even teams in line with the rest of the Ottoman army, but refused to The presentation and insisted proud Astkbara.
Mahmud II was a strong determination and a great subtle, try to be required Alinkharip order and military discipline, and staying at their barracks in times of peace, and the need to attend to attend military exercises, and armed with modern weapons, and entrusted to his chest most Bayraktar Mustafa Pasha, the implementation of such orders. However, this attempt did not succeed and the desire of the Sultan resisted and defied the orders of Sadr bulk, and staged a revolt and revolution, a broad and wild as a result of the chest was the most tragic incident in his life.
Sultan did not succeed the first attempt to impose the new system Alinkharip, stubbornness and patience, but still the idea of reform have had, the more convinced after seeing Muhammad Ali successive victories, and the impact of new systems and modern armament and systematic training in the army, and the patience of the long eight-Sultan ten years until once again the determination of the need to reform the system Alinkharip; held a meeting in (19 Shawwal 1241 e = 27 May 1826) in Dar-Shaykh al-Islam, which was attended by the leaders of Army weapons, including senior officers corps Alinkharip, and men of the religious body and senior staff, and discussed in This meeting was the need for a modern military systems in the corps Alinkharip, the meeting agreed that, after the draft and the reorganization of forces Alinkharip, Shaykh al-Islam issued a fatwa that the implementation of the new amendments, and the punishment of all who try to challenge.
End corps Alinkharip
Janissaries at the end of their days
However, did not commit to including Alinkharip approved by the attendees at this meeting; declared and set off rebellion in the streets of Istanbul in the burning buildings, and attacking houses and smashing shops, and when the Sultan heard the news of this determination to the insurgency and stopping at any cost and the elimination of Alinkharip corps, Sultan, recalling several teams military weapons, including artillery, which had been organized and trained, the Sultan called on people to fight Alinkharip.
On the morning (9 AH 1240 = e 15 June 1886) took the horse to the field of the Sultan in Istanbul was Alinkharip barracks overlooking it, and when mustered Alinkharip rebel corps, did not take too long until the men took the field artillery, and guns on the Alinkharip They each actors, Vhsdthm mown down, after the failed resistance, and suffered six thousand soldiers Inkhari.
On the second day of this battle, which has been dubbed as "the charity", the Sultan Mahmud II, the decision to abolish the corps Alinkharip completely eliminated, including the military and their organizations Fayalgahm names and badges, and concluded that the date of this division, which was to start her a thorn in the throat of the enemies of the Ottoman Empire | |
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